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From: rexford179@cs.com (Lorrin Bird)
Newsgroups: sci.military.moderated
Subject: Re: Guns V Armour -Basic details wanted
Date: 7 Nov 2001 14:47:40 -0800
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WW II BALLISTICS: Armor and Gunnery, by L. Bird and R. Livingston,
represents a single volume guide to estimating armor penetration
ranges and probability. The book is of valuable to wargamers and armor
researchers.
The factors that add to or detract from armor resistance, such as
angled hits, face-hardening, cast deficiency to rolled armor, brittle
effects due to high hardness and flaws are presented in a manner that
allows predictions for specific cases. The armor on many WW II
vehicles is described in terms of thickness, angle and the
characteristics that may modify the expected penetration resistance
(cast, high hardness, face-hardened, flawed, etc.)
Slope effects for steel projectiles are a function of armor thickness
and angle, while tungsten performance against sloped armor depends
solely on impact angle.
Armor penetration is keyed to U.S. Navy ballistic limit (50% success
criteria) and a single test armor resistance, which is possible
through the use of firing test data for Allied, German and Russian
ammunition against American armor. Penetration data can thus be
compared directly with armor resistance estimates, a problem that
often occurs when available data is based on different assumptions.
Penetration data is presented for face-hardened and homogeneous
performance.
Shatter gap is also addressed, a most unusual situation where rounds
with too high an impact velocity will sometimes fail even though the
penetration is more than adequate. This phenomenom plagued 2 pounder
AP in the desert, and would have decreased the effectiveness of U.S.
76mm APCBC against Tigers, Panthers and other vehicles with armor
thicknesses above 70mm.
The book also compares firing test and combat experience penetration
range data with the predictions using book data, which results in
close agreement in the great majority of cases. Where significant
differences exist, the variations may be explained on the basis of
armor flaws.